The Biogenic Synthesis of Bimetallic Ag/ZnO Nanoparticles: A Multifunctional Approach for Methyl Violet Photocatalytic Degradation and the Assessment of Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxicity Properties

In this study, bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) of silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) were synthesized using Leptadenia pyrotechnica leaf extract for the first time. Monometallic NPs also obtained comparison. The characterization prepared was carried out various techniques, including UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). latter confirmed crystalline nature diameter monometallic Ag ZnO. SEM images revealed their different shapes. biological activities evaluated concerning antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic properties. antibacterial measured time-killing method. results demonstrated that both inhibited growth Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. antioxidant DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay cytotoxicity checked MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. indicated controlled quantity did not affect viability cells. However, decreased cell (L-929) suggested could have anticancer Furthermore, photocatalytic degradation methyl violet 4-nitrophenol investigated Ag/ZnO NPs, examining factors affecting process conducting a kinetic thermodynamic study. good (88.9%) (rate constant 0.0183 min−1) in comparison to (NPh), with rate 81.37% 0.0172 min−1, respectively. Overall, showed superior cytotoxic, properties compared